The physical properties of polymer fibers are directly related to the development of orientation in the draw zone under extensional conditions. Although the final properties and microstructure of fibers can be evaluated after processing is completed, it is desirable to understand the development of orientation during drawing independently from the effects superimposed by subsequent unit operations.Insitux‐ray scattering measurements of the extrudate in the draw zone provide an ideal means of accomplishing this goal. Depending on the polymeric system to be studied, rotating anode or synchrotron‐based x‐ray sources may be required, making portability of the fiber drawing device highly desirable. This paper describes an easily transportableinsitux‐ray filament drawing device, and discusses typical data obtained using the device to produce filaments from a liquid crystalline nematic solution of poly(cis‐benzoxazole) in polyphosphoric acid. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.