A general hot−wire column type of experimental facility is described in its developed form for the unambiguous and accurate study of heat transfer from a heated wire to the surrounding gas. In particular, the measurements are reported for heated tungsten and platinum wires in neon for the temperature range 50° to 2450°C. The thermal conductivity values are determined from the heat transfer rate measurements in the continuum and temperature−jump regimes. The thermal conductivity values are compared with the conductivity and viscosity measurements of other workers, with the predictions based on the principle of corresponding states, and with the calculations based on kinetic theory in conjunction with the various spherically symmetric intermolecular potentials.