The purpose of this cross-sectional investigation was to address for the first time at what stage(s) the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has an influence on resting energy expenditure (REE). The subjects were 53 gay male volunteers who were grouped according to HIV status and symptoms. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. REE was significantly different between WR 0 (1.11 kcal/min) and WR 3/4 (1.45 kcal/min) (p < 0.05). The indication of a change in REE in the midstages of HIV infection lends support for early intervention of nutritional support.