This paper, as its title implies, deals with the subject of the resistance of transmitting aerials.It describes an attempt which has been made to reduce to a minimum the energy losses in the neighbourhood of: such aerials, which are known to be very inefficient.It is shown that favourable results are obtained by interposing a screen of wires between the aerial and earth, and using this screen as a counterpoise earth instead of using the usual buried earth.The losses in such a system are analysed and it is shown that a large fraction of the earth losses are eliminated whensuch a screen is used.Formulæ are devised for predetermining the resistance of screened aerials, in terms of the conductivity of the earth and the surface dielectric loss.Such aerials have the drawback that the wires of the screen itself may form an oscillating system, and under certain conditions oscillations are set up in this system which waste energy. Methods of dealing with and eliminating these losses are discussed.Finally, the method of screening is compared with Alexanderson's multiple-earth system, and it is concluded that a combination of the two methods should give the ibest results.