Reynolds stress analysis of EMHD-controlled wall turbulence. Part I. Streamwise forcing
作者:
Catherine H. Crawford,
George Em Karniadakis,
期刊:
Physics of Fluids
(AIP Available online 1997)
卷期:
Volume 9,
issue 3
页码: 788-806
ISSN:1070-6631
年代: 1997
DOI:10.1063/1.869210
出版商: AIP
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
In this work we investigate numerically turbulent flow of low electrical conductivity fluid subject to electro-magnetic (EMHD) forcing. The configuration is similar to the one considered in the experimental work of Henoch and Stace [Phys. Fluids7, 1371 (1995)] but in a channel geometry. The lower wall of the channel is covered with alternating streamwise electrodes and magnets to create a Lorentz force in the positive streamwise direction. Two cases are considered in detail corresponding to interaction parameter values of 0.4 (case 1) and 0.1 (case 2). The effect of switchingoffandonthe electrodes is also studied for the two cases. At the Reynolds number considered (Re&tgr;≈200), a drag increase was obtained for all cases, in agreement with the experiments of Henoch and Stace. A Reynolds stress analysis was performed based on a new decomposition of thegradientsnormal to the wall of the Reynolds stress−u′v′.It was found that the vortex stretching termw′w2′and the spanwise variation of the stress componentu′w′are responsible for the drag increase. More specifically, the term∂(u′w′)/∂x3is associated with secondary vortical motions in the near-wall and becomes large and positive for large shear stress in regions where fluid is moving toward the wall. In contrast, negative values are associated with regions of lower shear where fluid is being lifted away from the wall. Unlike the unperturbed flow, in the controlled flow high speed near-wall streamwise jets are present (case 1) even in the time-averaged fields. Other changes in turbulence structure are quantified using streak spacing, vortex lines, vorticity quadrant analysis, and plots of the rms value of the vorticity angle. ©1997 American Institute of Physics.
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