The production of pigments by fungi of the genusElsinoë(Ascomycetes) and the corresponding imperfect stage,Sphaceloma, has been studied. Three closely related pigments, the elsinochromes A, B, and C, are formed by most of them in varying proportions. These pigments have been isolated in pure form and have been shown to be derivatives of 4,9-dihydroxyperylene-3,10-quinone. The same pigments are also formed by an imperfect fungus designated as "Phyllosticta caryaePk." However, this fungus had been identified earlier as a conidial stage ofE.randiiJenkins and Bitancourt, an interpretation which is supported by the present findings concerning pigment production.