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Photochemical nucleophile–olefin combination, aromatic substitution (photo-NOCAS)...
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Photochemical nucleophile–olefin combination, aromatic substitution (photo-NOCAS) reaction. Part 9: methanol-2,6-dimethyl-1,6-heptadiene, and 1,4-dicyanobenzene
作者:
Dennis A. Connor,
Donald R. Arnold,
Pradip K. Bakshi,
T. Stanley Cameron,
期刊:
Canadian Journal of Chemistry
(NRC Available online 1995)
卷期:
Volume 73,
issue 6
页码: 762-771
ISSN:0008-4042
年代: 1995
DOI:10.1139/v95-096
出版商: NRC Research Press
数据来源: NRC
摘要:
The photochemical nucleophile–olefin combination, aromatic substitution (photo-NOCAS) reaction of methanol, 2,6-dimethyl-1,6-heptadiene, and 1,4-dicyanobenzene yields three distinct types of 1:1:1 adducts: an acyclic product, 4-(1-methoxymethyl-1,5-dimethyl-5-hexenyl)benzonitrile (8, 5%); acis–transpair of cyclohexanes, 4-(3-methoxymethyl-1,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile (9cis(12%) and9trans(11%)); and acis–transpair of cycloheptanes, 4-(4-methoxy-1,4-dimethylcycloheptyl)benzonitrile (10cis(12%) and10trans(10%)). Variation in the concentration of the nucleophile, methanol, and codonor, biphenyl, affects the product ratio and it has been possible to establish the mechanisms for the formation of these products. The acyclic product is formed by a typical photo-NOCAS reaction, that is, addition (anti-Markovnikov) across one of the heptadiene double bonds. The cyclohexane products are formed following 1,6-endocyclization of the intermediate β-alkoxy radical. And the cycloheptane products result from 1,7-endo,endocyclization of the initially formed 2,6-dimethyl-1,6-heptadiene radical cation. Comparison of the relative rates of these cyclization processes can be made with those of the next smaller homolog, 2,5-dimethyl-1,5-hexadiene.Keywords: photochemistry, photoinduced electron transfer, radical ions, radicals, cyclization.
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