Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to model psychological distress and physical complaints among 106 working mothers experiencing chronic stressors. Moderator variables included parental and occupational role value and commitment as measured by the Life Role Salience Scales. Both concurrent and prospective relationships were examined by means of a two-wave longitudinal design. A specific vulnerability model was tested by aggregating stressors according to role domains and matching stress variables to role salience variables. The psychological salience of social role occupation was hypothesized to intensify the impact of role-related stressors. Multiple regression analyses partially supported a swcific vulnerability model. Parental role commitment and ocupational role value significantly interacted with corresponding role-related stressors in predicting prospective health outcomes.