AbstractTwo cases of spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus are presented. Thoracotomy and surgical closure of the perforations resulted in satisfactory outcome in both instances. It is believed that the second case is the only recorded case in which haematemesis from a bleeding duodenal ulcer was the precipitating factor, and also it is believed that he is the oldest survivor to be reported. The literature, aetiology, and treatment of this interesting disease are discussed.