AbstractAll of the dependence‐producing substances are capable of causing harm but in most cases the harm is preventable. This paper seeks to develop some of the themes raised by the five substance‐based prevention papers by presenting an outline of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. The Ottawa Charter provides a strategic framework for prevention and covers public health policy, trade issues, availability, price, advertising and types of supportive environments and responses. It is suggested that an effective approach to the prevention of harm from dependence‐producing substances would involve a planned response which included alcohol, tobacco and drugs. Such a response would also emphasize financial and economic consequences of drug use, and would seek to strengthen or develop links with partners outside the immediate health care