Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin in foals and in adult horses
作者:
J. F. PRESCOTT,
D. J. HOOVER,
I. R. DOHOO,
期刊:
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
(WILEY Available online 1983)
卷期:
Volume 6,
issue 1
页码: 67-73
ISSN:0140-7783
年代: 1983
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1983.tb00456.x
出版商: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
The pharmacokinetic parameters of erythromycin in foals were determined following intravenous administration of 5.0 mg/kg to animals aged 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks. The distribution of the drug was described by a two‐compartment open model, and no significant differences were observed between coefficients on which the parameters were based. Pharmacokinetic values were also determined for four mares given 5.0 mg/kg intravenously and for six 10–12 week‐old foals given 20.0 mg/kg intravenously. The half‐life of erythromycin for all groups of animals (foals less than 7 weeks, mares, foals 10–12 weeks) was 1.0–1.1 h; the apparent volume of distribution was between 2.3 and 7.2 l/kg, and the clearance of the drug from the body was between 1.9 and 5.0 mg/kg/h. No drug could be detected in the serum following oral administration of 5.0 mg/kg erythromycin estolate; detectable levels were found for 5 h in mares given 12.5 mg/kg, and for 8 h in foals given 20.0 mg/kg orally. Peak levels in foals given the drug orally were 0.42 μg/ml at 120 min after administration. Foals given 10.0 mg/kg of erythromycin base intramuscularly had serum concentrations detectable 12 h later, the peak level achieved was 1.44 μg/ml serum 90 min after administration and concentrations exceeded 0.25 μg/ml for 6 h. In the mares the milk concentrations were approximately twice those in serum. Recommendations were made for drug dosage to be used in the treatment ofCorynebacterium equipneu
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