Insect pests, other arthropods and rodents causing damage on cassava crops in south India are listed comprehensively with nine photographs. Information is given on their distribution, nature of damage, economic importance and control measures. Twenty three species of pests attack cassava in the field and of these 17 are first records on cassava. Although several cause damage, tetranychid mites and rodents can be classified as ‘key’ pests of cassava in India. Future research strategies should be directed towards the development and use of resistant varieties, biological control, improved agronomical and management practices, including judicious use of mineral fertilizers.