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Control of a manufacturing system with random product yield and downward substitutability

 

作者: IZAK DUENYAS,   CHI-YANG TSAI,  

 

期刊: IIE Transactions  (Taylor Available online 2000)
卷期: Volume 32, issue 9  

页码: 785-795

 

ISSN:0740-817X

 

年代: 2000

 

DOI:10.1080/07408170008967438

 

出版商: Taylor & Francis Group

 

数据来源: Taylor

 

摘要:

We consider a manufacturing system where the quality of the end product is uncertain and is graded into one of several quality levels after production. We assume stochastic demand for each quality level, stochastic production times, and random quality yields. We also assume downward substitutability (i.e., customers who require a given product will be satisfied by a higher quality product at the same price). The firm produces to stock and has the option to refuse satisfying customers even when it has items in stock. We formulate this problem as a Markov Decision Process in the context of a simple M/M/l make-to-stock queue with multiple customer classes to gain insight into the following questions: (i) how does the firm decide when to produce more units (i.e., what is the optimal production policy?) and (ii) how does the firm decide when to accept/reject orders and when to satisfy customers demanding lower quality products using higher quality products? In the case of two product classes, we completely characterize the structure of the optimal production and acceptance/substitution policies. However, the structure of the optimal policy is complicated and we therefore develop a simple heuristic policy for any number of classes which performs very well. We finally extend our heuristic to the system where production occurs in batches of size of larger than one, the system where there is a setup cost for initiating production, and the case where processing time distribution is Erlang.

 

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