AbstractA Golgi‐Cox, histofluorescence, and electron microscopic examination of the serotonergic raphe nuclei of the rabbit medulla has revealed a large, vertically‐oriented midline dendrite bundle extending from the floor of the fourth ventricle to the ventral boundary of nucleus raphe pallidus. The bundle was confined to the medulla, and averaged 150–200 μm in width in the adult. This dendrite bundle received contributions from four major sources: (1) Dendrites of midline and paramedian neurons of nucleus raphe obscurus; (2) Dendrites of midline and paramedian neurons of nucleus raphe pallidus; (3) Shafts from tanycytes located on the midline floor of the fourth ventricle; and (4) Dendrites from neurons of the medullary reticular formation. Perikarya and dendrites of serotonergic raphe neurons frequently abutted tanycyte shafts, midline blood vessels, and perikarya and dendrites of other raphe neurons. The tanycyte shafts extended from the floor of the fourth ventricle into the bundle, and often ran the entire length of the bundle, where they intertwined themselves among neurons and dendrites of the medullary raphe nuclei. This study suggests that neurons of the medullary raphe may be influenced by communication channels including dendro‐dendritic contacts within the midline bundle, fourth ventricular cerebrospinal fluid‐borne influences through tanycyte shafts, blood‐borne influences through the direct neuronal‐vascular relationship in the raphe, and traditionally described axonal contacts impinging upon raphe neurons. We suggest that the raphe neurons might act as both neurons and endocrine‐neural