Puccinia psidiicauses rust on neotropical Myrtaceae and exoticEucalyptusspp.. Serious losses have been detected in Brazilian plantations of Eucalyptus. In the present work 27 provenances of 12Eucalyptusspecies were screened for resistance toP. psidiipresent in the southern part of the State of Bahia, Brazil. Provenances ofEucalyptus pellita, E. urophyllaEtereticornis, E. resiniferaEcamaldulensis, E.citriodora, E.microcorysandE.paniculatashowed resistance to the population ofP. psidiifrom South Bahia. Highly susceptible materials were detected among provenances ofE.grandisandE.cloeziana.These results differed from previous observations in the neighbouring State of Minas Gerais. This suggests differences in pathogenic behaviour of the populations ofP.psidiifrom those two areas.