Koa,Acacia koa, sites on the five major Hawaiian Islands were sampled during the 1978 growing season to determine the presence and damage potential of insects and diseases infesting koa seeds. Relative abundance of the most prevalent insects was 62.3% for the koa haole seed weevil,Araecerus levipennis, 20.6% for the bruchidStator limbatus, and 13.2% for the endemic koa seedworm,Cryptophlebia illepida.Other insects recovered includedStator pruininus. Cydia rufipennis, andCydiasp. The ichneumonidPristomerus hawaiiensiswas the most abundant parasite associated with seed insects.Collectotrichum gloeosporioideswas the only disease organism identified from koa seeds collected at the sample sites