The sound emission pattern and the acoustical role of the noseleaf in the echolocating bat,Carolliaperspicillata
作者:
David J. Hartley,
Roderick A. Suthers,
期刊:
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
(AIP Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 82,
issue 6
页码: 1892-1900
ISSN:0001-4966
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1121/1.395684
出版商: Acoustical Society of America
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
Carolliaperspicillata(Phyllostomidae) is a frugivorous bat that emits low‐intensity, broadband, frequency‐modulated echolocation pulses through nostrils surrounded by a noseleaf. The emission pattern of this bat is of interest because the ratio between the nostril spacing and the emitted wavelength varies during the pulse, causing complex interference patterns in the horizontal dimension. Sound pressures around the bat were measured using a movable microphone and were referenced to those at a stationary microphone positioned directly in front of the animal. Interference between the nostrils was confirmed by blocking one nostril, which eliminated sidelobes and minima in the emission pattern, and by comparison of real emission patterns with simple computer models. The positions of minima in the patterns indicate effective nostril spacings of over a half‐wavelength. Displacement of the dorsal lancet of the noseleaf demonstrated that this structure directs sound in the vertical dimension.
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