Troglitazone has been hailed as Sankyo's new blockbuster drug for treating noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.*Its novel mode of action, which is also seen in other thiazolidinediones, has given rise to considerable interest in this class as a whole. Rather than increasing insulin secretion, these agents act by increasing sensitivity to insulin. As with any new class of drugs, their discovery has led to numerous questions regarding details of mechanism and possible risks associated with their use. Some possible answers were presented at the 54th Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association [New Orleans, US; June 1994].