Study Designs for Dependent Happenings
作者:
M. Halloran,
Claudio Struchiner,
期刊:
Epidemiology
(OVID Available online 1991)
卷期:
Volume 2,
issue 5
页码: 331-338
ISSN:1044-3983
年代: 1991
出版商: OVID
关键词: epidemiologic methods;study design;vaccine efficacy;vaccines;infectious disease
数据来源: OVID
摘要:
In 1916, Sir Ronald Ross defined “dependent happenings” as events where the number affected in a unit of time depends on the number already affected. That is, the incidence depends on the prevalence, a characteristic of many infectious diseases. Because of this dependence, interventions against infectious diseases can have not only direct protective effects for the person receiving an intervention, but also indirect effects resulting from changes in the intensity of transmission in the population. This paper develops the conceptual framework for four types of study designs that differentiate and account for direct and indirect effects of intervention programs in dependent happenings
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