The Simuliidae described by J. W. Meigen are taxonomically revised after a study of his collection, descriptions and illustrations, and other relevant data. Of the 23 species names proposed by Meigen 11 are considered valid for currently recognized species and 12 are treated as synonyms. The revision necessitates only three changes to species nomenclature recently in use:Simulium argyreatumMeigen is shown to be misinterpreted by recent authors and to be a senior synonym ofS. rheophilum(Knoz);S. posticatumMeigen is brought into use as the valid senior synonym ofS. austeniEdwards; andHelodon rufus(Meigen) is considered to be a valid name supplantingH. ferrugineus(Wahlberg).Simulium noelleriFriederichs is restored as the valid name for the lake‐outlet species with 8‐filamented pupal gill, consequent upon the finding that the nameargyreatumhas been misapplied to this species. Lectotypes are designated for six of Meigen's nominal species based upon existing syntypes, and also forBoophthora erythrocephala(De Geer).