AbstractThe objective of this paper was to study the differences between some prolamin variants coded at the lociGlu‐3/Gli‐1,Glu‐1 andGli‐A2 and their relative roles in durum‐wheat quality. F3lines from four durum wheat crosses (‘Abadia’בMexicali’. ‘Oscar’בArdente’, ‘Oscar × Mexicali’ and ‘Alaga’בC. of Balazote’) were analysed for gliadin and glutenin composition by electrophoresis. Whole‐grain‐derived samples were analysed for SDS sedimentation (SDSS) value, mixing properties, and contents of protein and vitreousness. The glutenin patterns LMW‐2. LMW‐2−and LMW‐2 (CB) atGlu‐B3/Gli‐B1 were associated with better gluten quality than were LMW‐1 and LMW‐2*. The glutenin subunits LMW4 and LMW3 + 15 atGlu‐A3/Gli‐A1 and HMW‐1 showed better mixing properties than LMW7 + 12, LMW5 and the null phenotype. respectively. The HMW glutenin subunits 20 + 8 atGlu‐B1 showed a negative association with gluten quality, but the rest of the HMW glutenin subunits and α‐gliadins did not show any influence on gluten quality.Correlations between the results of the SDSS test and the mixograph were highly significant, but no correlation was found between these results and protein and vitreousness contents. The results are discussed in rela