Prof. P. H. Geil(Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio): portant role in all of the sessions of the symposium. In discussing with the panel members how we could best use the discussion time available to us today, we were fortunate to have preprints of Dr. Carrega's lecture, He has done an excellent job of reviewing the entire area of characterization so that it was not really fitting for each of us, initially, to pick out one or two areas, saying a few more words about them, but rather we felt that what we should do is to open up the session for questions now. At the end, some members of the panel will make a few comments. There will be a rather broader review of certain selected areas of the topic which will be given during the panel discussion part of the individual session on Characterization. We feel it is of more value to have reasonable time for general discussion of the papers this morning than for each of us to present further papers.