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Charge Transport by Self‐Generated Turbulence in Insulating Liquids Submitted to Unipolar Injection

 

作者: E. J. Hopfinger,   J. P. Gosse,  

 

期刊: Physics of Fluids(00319171)  (AIP Available online 1971)
卷期: Volume 14, issue 8  

页码: 1671-1682

 

ISSN:0031-9171

 

年代: 1971

 

DOI:10.1063/1.1693663

 

出版商: AIP

 

数据来源: AIP

 

摘要:

During unipolar (or ambipolar) injection of charge carriers into an insulating liquid, a liquid motion is generally observed. This motion, generated by the charge carriers, is thought to be responsible for the high carrier mobility which is about2×10−3 cm3 V−1 sec−1in nitrobenzene, i.e., an order of magnitude higher than the true mobility value(1.9×10−4 cm2 V−1 sec−1). Recent schlieren photographs strongly support the assumption that when the applied voltage is high enough, for nitrobenzene of the order103‐104V, the “self‐generated” motion is turbulent shortly after the voltage is applied. This turbulence invades the undisturbed fluid at practically constant velocity. Neglecting the true carrier mobility and making certain assumptions concerning the turbulent structure, the charge transport and consequently the entrainment can be described to a good approximation by a Lagrangian diffusion process and the charge distribution is governed by a diffusion equation. The latter remains valid during the steady state. The experimental results are found to be in very satisfactory agreement with the theoretical analysis. It is also shown that the turbulent energy is produced byE uq, producing kinetic as well as electric energy, the latter being negligible. The turbulence is very intense,u′≈102 cm sec−1, and its scale is only a fraction of the electrode distance. The corresponding turbulence Reynolds number is of the order ofRel≈6×102.

 

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