History of Amateurism in Men's Intercollegiate Athletics: The Continuance of a 19th-Century Anachronism in America
作者:
SmithRonaldA.,
期刊:
Quest
(Taylor Available online 1993)
卷期:
Volume 45,
issue 4
页码: 430-447
ISSN:0033-6297
年代: 1993
DOI:10.1080/00336297.1993.10484098
出版商: Taylor&Francis Group
数据来源: Taylor
摘要:
Claiming that American intercollegiate athletics are amateur at the end of the 20th century is an anachronism, for colleges in the 19th century took on professional characteristics. The upper-class British concept of amateurism did not work effectively in a more egalitarian and achievement-oriented American society. Hypocrisy resulted when colleges claimed amateurism while accepting such professional practices as hiring professional coaches, allowing athletes to play summer baseball for money, and paying athletes through grants-in-aid. Attempts to preserve amateurism, such as the Graham Plan in the 1930s and the Sanity Code in the 1940s and 1950s, yielded to the professional spirit. Thus, while Americans had generally rejected the upper-class British social hierarchy that fostered amateurism, they retained the name amateur, continuing the hypocrisy that had begun in the previous century.
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