&NA;This review of recent articles on ocular toxicology is concentrated on undesirable effects on the eye induced by systemically used xenobiotics. These xenobiotics include the therapeutic categories of autonomic agents (ipratropium bromide), corticosteroids (dexamethasone and prednisone), and chemotherapeutic agents (hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, vincristine sulfate, quinine sulfate, chlorambucil, ethambutol HCI, tamoxifen citrate, and gentamicin sulfate). Also discussed are systemically administered antiglaucoma agents (betaxolol hydrochloride, timolol, and acetazolamide), drugs of abuse (cocaine, methamphetamine, and alcohol), deferoxamine, and neuro‐muscular blocking agents used during anesthesia (succinylcholine chloride, d‐tubocurarine chloride, and vecuronium bromide). In the area of prophylactic treatment for ocular toxicity, there were two case reports of intravenous nitrates preventing quinine toxicity, and animal studies reporting platelet aggregating factor antagonists preventing vincristine sulfate‐induced or chloroquine‐induced retinal toxicity. The advantages and disadvantages of anecdotal case reports, retrospective studies, and prospective studies also are discussed.Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 1993,4;VI:125‐128