Cytotaxonomic notes on the genus Biarum Schott (Araceae) in Italy. Morphological and caryological observations on sicilian and italian specimens ofBiarum tenuifolium(L.) Schott could not prove its taxonomic separability from B.cupanianumPaglia. In our opinion the latter is to be considered as a synonym of the former. The chromosome number ofB. tenuifoliumis very variable (2n= 16, 20, 26); the chromosomes show eu- and heterochromatic regions. A sardinian plant usually assigned toBiarum boveiBlume needs further studies in order to verify its taxonomic identity.