SummaryMore extensive collections of subfossil bird bones from Ascension Island in the South Atlantic further confirm that the former seabird populations of the main island were composed of tropical species still present in greatly reduced numbers, mostly on offshore islets. A single specimen ofPuffinus lherminieriprovides the first fossil evidence of that species from the island. The extinct flightless railAtlantisia elpenorwas the only land bird certainly known to have been native. A femur, apparently from a vagrant individual, is referred toPorphyrula alleni, A specimen ofNycticorax, much smaller than any recent examples ofN. nycticoraxseen, is either from an unusually small vagrant or possibly indicates an undescribed endemic species.