Oxybutynin chloride has been clinically used for the relief of symptoms associated with voiding in patients with uninhibited neurogenic and reflex neurogenic bladder in the USA. The present clinical and urodynamic studies were the first made meticulously in patients with uninhibited neurogenic and reflex neurogenic bladder in Japan. A single oral dose of oxybutynin chloride (3 or 6 mg) did not induce any change either in subjective symptoms or in urodynamic studies; however, in the continual administration study, 7 of 9 patients showed an improvement in the symptoms associated with voiding. The drug reduced urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence, and significantly increased the volumes at the first desire to void (FDV) and maximum desire to void (MDV) in cystometry. Furthermore, no serious adverse reactions were observed, and hence the drug seems to be of clinical significance.