ObjectiveThe role of social support as a predictor of long-term survival among patients with schizophrenia was examined.MethodsSocial histories were abstracted from the medical records of a cohort of 133 deceased schizophrenic patients admitted for inpatient treatment between 1934 and 1944. Two independent raters assessed the quantity and quality of support available in each patient's social environment.ResultsCox regression analysis revealed that higher quantity of social support was significantly related to survival time (p < .05) after controlling for marital status and quality of support. The Cox model indicated that a 1-point increase in the support quantity rating was associated with a proportional 25% decrease in the hazard rate.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that social environment, specifically the quantity of social support available to the patient, may impact longevity in psychiatric populations.