The management of seizures and status epilepticus are important in critical care neurology. Seizures are a common manifestation of either a primary nervous system disorder or dysfunction in other organ systems. Status epilepticus represents a medical emergency, and its treatment requires a systematic, coordinated approach. Clinical studies have improved our knowledge of the etiology, prognosis, and electroencephalographic features of status epilepticus, and further understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of epilepsy has led to advances in its treatment. New medications have been introduced for the treatment of seizures, status epilepticus, and refractory status epilepticus.