Protoleodorais redefined to accommodate three North Pacific Pileolariinae, which characteristically have a soft‐walled brood pouch with a lobe extending from the operculum into the faccal groove.Protoleodora uschakovisp. nov. is close toP. coronataand even closer toP. asperata (=‘Spirorbis medius’). BushiellaandJugariaare related circumarctic genera, but these lack proximal extensions to their brood pouches. All genera which brood in the operculum are surveyed briefly and new names are proposed for some which are preoccupied, reinstatingNeodexiospiraand replacingAmplaria, Duplicaria, Nidularia, SimplicariaandSinist