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DRYING RELATED PROPERTIES OF APPLE

 

作者: M. K. Krokida,   C.T. Kiranoudis,   Z. B. Maroulis,   D. Marinos-Kouris,  

 

期刊: Drying Technology  (Taylor Available online 2000)
卷期: Volume 18, issue 6  

页码: 1251-1267

 

ISSN:0737-3937

 

年代: 2000

 

DOI:10.1080/07373930008917775

 

出版商: Taylor & Francis Group

 

关键词: Bulk density color;compression tests;drying kinetics;porosity;sorption isotherms

 

数据来源: Taylor

 

摘要:

Drying related properties of apple are evaluated for various different drying methods (namely, convective, vacuum, microwave, osmotic and freeze drying), and their corresponding process conditions. The examined properties are drying kinetics, equilibrium material moisture content, density, porosity, color and viscoelastic characteristics. The effect of various process factors on these properties is described through particular mathematical models. The model parameters are estimated by fitting the corresponding model equations on a wide range of experimental data. Drying kinetics is greatly affected by the characteristic particle size and drying air temperature for convective drying, while for the case of microwave drying they are affected by the vacuum pressure and the emitted radiation power. Equilibrium material moisture content is affected by the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding air, while the osmotic pretreatment shifts the sorption isotherms to higher water activity levels. The quality properties examined, are significantly affected by the drying method. More specifically, osmotic dehydration decreases the porosity of the final product, while it prevents color deterioration and enchances the viscous nature of dehydrated apple. Freeze-dried apples develop the highest porosity, have the most elastic structure and the lowest rate of color deterioration.

 

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