The results of karyological and electrophoretic analyses of the garden dormouse,Eliomys quercinus dalmaticus,collected at two localities in Yugoslavia are reported. The karyotype consists of 48 chromosomes (FNa = 86). The chromosome morphology, as revealed by differential staining, is the same as inEliomys quercinus pallidusfrom central Italy, but differs in two pairs of chromosomes fromE. quercinus lusitanicusfrom Spain. Comparison betweenE. g. dalmaticusand other chromosomal races of the garden dormouse, by electrophoretic analysis of 41 gene loci, suggests a different origin for central European and Alpine populations