A key to the supraspecific taxa of the Australian Megaloptera, as recognized in this paper, is presented. Identification of species and subspecies is possible by comparison with illustrations of genitalia which are presented for all known forms. Their geographical ranges are quoted. Species status is proposed forphaeosciusRiek andpolypastusRiek, both originally described as subspecies ofArchichauliodes guttiferus(Walker). A new subgenus ofArchichauliodes, Apochauliodesis erected.StenosialisTillyard is re‐instated. The adults of the following new taxa are described:Archichauliodes cervulus, A. collifer, A. conversus, A. cuspidatus, A. isolatus, A. lewis, A. neoguttiferus. A. pictus, A. piscator, A. rieki, A. simpsoni, A. uncinatus, Protochauliodes biconicus incertus, P. b. tooloomensis, P. kirramae, Austrosialis maxmouldsi, Stenosialis hollowayi.Also presented is the hitherto undescribed female ofArchichauliodes phaeosciusRiek.AustrochauliodesRiek is regarded a junior synonym ofProtochauliodesWeele.Archichauliodes australicaKimmins is synonymized withArchichauliodes anagaurusRiek. Five species groups are defined and proposed for the subdivision ofArchichauliodess. str.