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Cocaine Abuse among Opioid Addicts: Demographic and Diagnostic Factors in Treatment

 

作者: KostenThomas R.,   GawinFrank H.,   RounsavilleBruce J.,   KleberHerbert D.,  

 

期刊: The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse  (Taylor Available online 1986)
卷期: Volume 12, issue 1-2  

页码: 1-16

 

ISSN:0095-2990

 

年代: 1986

 

DOI:10.3109/00952998609083739

 

出版商: Taylor&Francis

 

数据来源: Taylor

 

摘要:

Cocaine is becoming a major drug of abuse among the general population and among opiate addicts. Reports from the early 1970s found that most abusers were older Black males with some antisocial characteristics. Cocaine abuse at that time was reported by about 17% of opiate addicts seeking treatment and by 7 to 11% of ex-addicts on methadone maintenance. However, that rate increased dramatically during the 1970s, and in our 1980 study of 533 addicts we found that 74% of opiate addicts applying for treatment used cocaine. It was the second most abused nonopioid drug after marijuana, surpassing alcohol intoxication. Although the mean number of days of abuse over the previous 30 days was substantially lower among the addicts on our methadone maintenance program (x = 1.4 days,n= 120) than among the addicts applying for treatment (x = 9 days,n= 204), the following associations with cocaine abuse were consistent in both subsamples. Cocaine abuse was more frequent among Blacks. It was associated with a variety of antisocial indices including Research Diagnostic Criteria antisocial personality disorder, number of arrests, and legal, family, employment, and drug abuse problems as assessed by the Addiction Severity Index and the Social Adjustment Scale. Several differences emerged between Black and White cocaine-abusing addicts, the most interesting being an increased rate of anxiety disorders among White cocaine abusers. Based on these associations, we offer several guidelines for treating cocaine abuse in opiate addicts.

 

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