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Effects of Temperature and Prey Density on Survival, Development, and Feeding Rates of ImmatureTyphlodromus pyri(Acari: Phytoseiidae)

 

作者: John Michael Hardman,   Mark L. Rogers,  

 

期刊: Environmental Entomology  (OUP Available online 1991)
卷期: Volume 20, issue 4  

页码: 1089-1096

 

ISSN:0046-225X

 

年代: 1991

 

DOI:10.1093/ee/20.4.1089

 

出版商: Oxford University Press

 

关键词: Arachnida;Typhlodromus pyri;functional response;development rates

 

数据来源: OUP

 

摘要:

Offspring of overwintering femaleTyphlodromus pyriScheuten were reared on leaf disks and fed larvae of European red mite,Panonychus ulmi(Koch). In this study,T. pyrinymphs killed fewer prey than didT. pyriin other studies where the predators were reared on artificial substrates such as gelatin capsules. Nymphs showed a type II functional response to prey density: as prey density increased, kills increased at a decreasing rate to a plateau of three to four prey per day. Maximum rates of kill were a quadratic function of temperature over the range 18–26°C. There were significant differences between the sexes in feeding rates but not in rates of development. Rates of development of eggs and larvae and from egg to adult were an exponential function of temperature. Nymphs that ate less than one prey per day had reduced rates of development and survival. Individuals not given any prey survived only a few days as protonymphs. The susceptibility of nymphs to food shortages emphasizes the importance of alternative sources of food (pollen, fungi, other mites) toT. pyriwhen spider mites are scarce. Temperature responses of this Canadian strain ofT. pyridiffered from responses reported in western Europe: rates of development from egg to adult were higher at temperatures20°C.

 

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