Intense negative heavy ion sources
作者:
Yoshiharu Mori,
Akira Takagi,
Kiyoshi Ikegami,
Akira Ueno,
Sadayoshi Fukumoto,
期刊:
AIP Conference Proceedings
(AIP Available online 1990)
卷期:
Volume 210,
issue 1
页码: 392-411
ISSN:0094-243X
年代: 1990
DOI:10.1063/1.39616
出版商: AIP
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
Negative ion sources based on plasma‐surface interactions (BLAKE ion source) have been developed at KEK for producing negative heavy ions. The first negative heavy ion source (BLAKE‐II) was developed by modifying the ordinary negative hydrogen ion source with converter (BLAKE‐I) placed into the plasma. It generates various species of negative heavy ions with intense beam currents. For example, a more than 10 mA Au−ion beam was obtained from the ion source. Recently, the large scaled negative heavy ion source (BLAKE‐III) has been developed and in the preliminary test experiment, more than 100 mA Cu‐ ion beam has been stably obtained with a 10% duty factor in pulsed operation. The BLAKE‐II ion source was attached to the BNL 15 MV and Tsukuba University TANDEM accelerators and large current negative heavy ion beams were successfully accelerated in pulsed mode operation. Also, it was found that the space charge effect should be carefully considered for such a large current acceleration in a tandem accelerator, especially at the injection beam line and low energy end. In order to examine the negative ion formation process fundamentally, negative ion production probability related on sputtered particle velocity was measured and the results showed exponential dependence of the production probability on particle velocity as Norskov and Lindquist’s theory predicted.
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