Two common methods of analyzing data from a two-group pretest-posttest research design are (a) two-samplettest on the difference score between pretest and posttest and (b) repeated-measures/split-plot analysis of variance. The repeated-measures/split-plot analysis subsumes thettest analysis, although the former requires more assumptions to be satisfied. A numerical example is given to illustrate some of the equivalences of the two methods of analysis. The investigator should choose the method of analysis based on the research objective(s).