The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of procedures for sampling and estimating within-tree populations ofDendroctonus frontalisin North Carolina. The procedures developed under epidemic conditions in Texas were applied to declining populations in North Carolina. Despite the differences in total population numbers, the within-tree distributions of allD. frontalislife stages were similar for both states. Infested surface area estimates using tree geometry tables developed from the Texas data base were satisfactory for North Carolina. Hence the “tree geometry-proportional density function” procedures for estimating total within-tree life stages are applicable in 2 widely separated regions ofD. frontalis' range and under extremely different population sizes.