VARIABLE‐INTERVAL SCHEDULES OF TIMEOUT FROM AVOIDANCE: EFFECTS OF CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE, CGS 8216, MORPHINE, AND NALTREXONE
作者:
Mark Galizio,
Michael Perone,
期刊:
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
(WILEY Available online 1987)
卷期:
Volume 47,
issue 1
页码: 115-126
ISSN:0022-5002
年代: 1987
DOI:10.1901/jeab.1987.47-115
出版商: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
关键词: negative reinforcement;avoidance;timeout from avoidance;chlordiazepoxide;CGS 8216;morphine;naltrexone;lever press;rats
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
Rats were trained on concurrent schedules in which pressing one lever postponed shock and pressing the other occasionally (variable‐interval schedule) produced a 2‐min timeout during which the shock‐postponement schedule was suspended and its correlated stimuli were removed. These procedures provided a baseline for studying the effects of drugs on behavior maintained by different sources of negative reinforcement (shock avoidance and timeout from avoidance). Experiment 1 studied a benzodiazepine agonist, chlordiazepoxide, and antagonist, CGS 8216. Chlordiazepoxide (2.5–30 mg/kg) had little effect on avoidance responding except at higher doses, when it reduced responding. By comparison, responding on the timeout lever was increased in 5 of 6 rats. These effects were reversed by CGS 8216 (2.5–5 mg/kg) in the 2 rats tested, but CGS 8216 had no effect by itself. Experiment 2 studied an opiate agonist, morphine, and antagonist, naltrexone, with 3 rats. Morphine's (2.5–20 mg/kg) effects were opposite those of chlordiazepoxide: At doses that either increased or had no effect on avoidance responding, morphine depressed timeout responding. Naltrexone (5 mg/kg) reversed these actions but had no effec
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