Nursing care of the patient with Reye's syndrome has traditionally been viewed as a challenge for critical care nurses at regional health care facilities; however, experience and medical research indicate that pediatric nurses should be able to play a part in detection, support, follow-up care, and education, with the hope of improving the morbidity and mortality rates for Reye's syndrome.To execute an effective part in the care of a child with Reye's syndrome, familiarity with its signs and symptoms, as well as an understanding of basic diagnostic and treatment measures, is required. Another important consideration is that nurses be able to institute such procedures for the child as well as provide support for the parents through empathy and communication.This article reviews the etiology and pathophysiology of Reye's syndrome, explains signs and symptoms helpful in reaching a diagnosis, and discusses medical and nursing management of the child. It also suggests roles that nurses can play in augmenting community awareness and support systems for the afflicted child and family.