The mass of a gas of massless photons
作者:
H. Kolbenstvedt,
期刊:
American Journal of Physics
(AIP Available online 1995)
卷期:
Volume 63,
issue 1
页码: 44-46
ISSN:0002-9505
年代: 1995
DOI:10.1119/1.17767
出版商: American Association of Physics Teachers
关键词: PHOTONS;MASS;CAVITIES;RELATIVITY THEORY;PLANCK LAW;DOPPLER EFFECT;ACCELERATION;MIRRORS;REFERENCE SYSTEMS;LINEAR MOMENTUM
数据来源: AIP
摘要:
Using minimal formalism, we demonstrate that the massless photons, constituting the radiation in a cavity, contribute to the mass of the cavity in agreement with Einstein’s mass–energy formula. We assume that a photon has energy and momentum related to frequency byE=hν,p=hν/c. Restricting velocities to nonrelativistic values, we impart a uniform acceleration to the cavity. Reflection from a moving mirror produces a Doppler shift, and thus the momentum delivered to the front and rear walls can easily be calculated in the laboratory frame. A simple application ofF=maleads to the usual conclusion that the mass of a gas of photons of total energyUisU/c2. An alternative argument based on calculations in the co‐accelerating frame is also given.
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