20 Mi n e r a 1 o g i c a 1 C h em i s t r y . Native Iron. By G. C. HOFFMANN (2e;t. Hryat. Xh., 1894,33,507 ; from Rnn. Rep. Geol. Suw., Canada, 5, part R).-Native iron occurs as a constituent of R thin crust of oolitic structure on quartzite on the north shore of St. Joseph's Island, Lake Huron, Ontario. An analysis of the crust gave Metallic grains. Limonite. Siliceous matter. The metallic spherules varied from microscopic minuteness to a Fe. Mn. Ni. Co. Cu. S. P. Insoluble. 88.00 0.51 0.10 0.21 0.09 0.12 0.96 9.76 From this, the author concludes that the metallic portion of these grains contains 97-79 pw cent. of iron, and that they were formed by reduction of an iron salt by means of an organic material. Mineral W a x from Kaluga. By IV. ALFX~EFF (Juhrb. f. Min., 1894, ii, Ref.231 ; from Verhand. russ. kais. min. Ges. St. Petersburg, 29, 201-203) .-This new substance, presenting the external charac- teristics of ozokerite, was found in the peat of the Russian province of Kaluga. Its sp. gr. is 0950, and its melting point between 64" and 6.5'. Analysis yielded C. €1. 0. 7s 5 12.5 12.0 On distillation, water IVBS formed and a liquid with a sp. gr. of 0.786, and a boiling point of 249" ; analysis gave C = 83.4; H = 13.8 per cent. B. H. B. By E. T. DUJIBLE (Zeit. IZ-yst. Min., 1892, 18Y$I 33, 509 ; from Trans. Anzer. Imt., .H.E,, 21, 601--605).- Grahamite, an asphalt-like substance, occurs in thin veins and in masses in the tertiaryrocks near Webb Bluff, on tbs Rio Grande (I), and at O'Qninn and Buckner's Creeks (11). Analyses gave the fol- lowing results.58-85 39.73 1.42 diameter of 0.37 mm., and gave the following results on analysis. B. H. B. It is almost insoluble in alcohol and benzene. Grahamite from Texas. H,O. Volatile matter. Fixed carbon. Ash. Total. 11. - 5 7-9C' 37-70 4-40 100*00 I. 0.30 44-00 52.80 2.90 1oo.00 C. H. N. 0. S. Ash. H2C). 1. 78.65 7-50 0.15 5.08 5.42 2.90 0.30 11. 76.19 6.61 0.39 5.15 7.45 4.21 - B. H. B. Chemical Comtitution of Iron Pyrites. By J. LOCZKA ( Z e i f . h-ryst. JIifb., 1894, 33,501) .--Seeing that an identical anhydrous ferricMINERALOGICAL CHEMISTRYe 21 sulphato, Fez( SO,),, is obtained on treatment with concentrated boil- i n g sulphuric acid, both from iron pyrites and from ferrous compounds, the author concludes that iron pyrites is a ferrous compound. This view is supported by the fact that, on weathering, iron pyrites is de- composed into ferrous sulphatc and sulphuric r* acid.The formula of 3 iron pyrites should therefore be Fe< 6. B. H. B. Andorite, a New Hungarian Silver Ore. By J. A. KIZENNER (Zeif. K r y s t . illin., 1894, 33, 497-499).-This new and rare mineral mas found with autimonite, quartz, and zinc-blende in the main vein at Felsobtinya. It is a dark, leaden-grey to black mineral, crystallising in the rhombic system, and yielding on analysis the following results. Sb. S. Pb. Ag. Cu. Fe. Insoluble. 41.91 23.32 22.07 11.31 069 O * i O 0.04 The formula is SbsS1,Pb2A~. Preparation of Artificial Anatase and Rutile. B. H. B. By B. Doss (Jahrb. f. Min., 1894, ii, Mem., 147-206).-Shortly after G.Rose’s announcement, in 1867, that tabular anatnse was formed by saturating a microcosmic salt bead with artificial or with natural titaniferous acid, a correction was made by A. Knop, who stated that the crystals in question contained phosphoric acid, and had a sp. gr. of only 2.9. Further, G. Wunder showed that besides phosphoric anhydride, sodium was also present. In the course of an investigation of the alteration products of a Saxon syenite, the author found i t necessary to compare undoubted specimens of anatase and of rntile. For this purpose, artificial material %-as required, and the author obtained artificial rutile by G. Rose’s method of saturating a borax bead with titanic anhydride. His experiments, made with the object of obtain- ing anatase with a microcosmic salt bead, were successful, but with a borax bead the results were negative. Rutile, on the other hand, could be obtained in either case.B. H. B. New Tin Mineral from the Black Hills. By T. ULKE ( Z i t . Kryst. Miiz., 1894, 33, 509 ; from Trans. Amer. Iust., ME., 1892, 21, 24o).-At the Etta Mine, in the Black Hills of Dakota, there occurs in quartz veins a yellowish, earthy substance, accompanied by cassiterite. It contains 60 per cent. of tin, 12 per cent. of copper, and 8 per cent. of water. The author assigns to it the formula 4Sn0, + CuzSn(OH)6, and the name of czlprocassitei-ite. The mineral has, however, been in- vestigated also by W. P. Headden (Anzer. J. Sci., 1893, [3], 45, 105), who considers it to be a mixture due to the decomposition of tin pyrites.B. H. B. Nickel Arsenide. By E. WALLER and A. J. MOSES (8~cis00Z of ,Vines Qzcartedy, 1892, 14, 49-51). -A probably new nickel arsenide was found at a, mine 18 miles west of Silver City, New Mexico. Its composition m-as found to be as follo~rs.22 ABSTRACTS OF CHEBIICAL PAPERS. SiOz. Pb. Ag. As. Xi. Co. Fe. 4.56 trace 8-38 67-37 11.12 5.13 2.64 This corresponds with the formula RAsQ, in which R repreFents +Ni, The mineral is thus of the type of skutterudite +Co, and +Fe. COAS~. B. H. B. Apatite in a Laminated Graphite from Ceylon. By P. JANNASCH and J. LOCKE (Zeit. anorg. Clzem., 1894, 7, 154--157).-The apatite occurred as an ellipsoidal mass about the size of a walnut, and is of a beautiful, green colour. P,05. A1,03. FeO. MnO.CaO. MgO. K20. Sa20. 39.84 2.02 0.62 0.22 53-33 0.25 0.52 0.42 HZ0. c1. F. Total. 0.45 1-82 1-03 100.58 Analysis gave This agrees with the formula P3012(P,Cl,0H)Ca5. E. C. R. Svabite and Adelite. By H. SJ~GREN (J~thrb. f. AIh., 1894, ii, Ref., 237-238; from Bull. geol. inst. zmiv. Upsala, 1, l).-The author gives two analyses of svabite from the Harstig Mine and from the Jakobsberg Mine, near Nordmarkec. The mineral occurs in granular hausmannite in yellowish-white t o colourless masses. The formula, deduced from the analyses is 3As2O5,9CaO,CaF,. Analyses of adolite from the Kittel Mine, from Moss Mine, and from Jakobsberg X n e gave results agreeing with the formula HO*MgCaAs04, in which calcium is partially replaced by lead, niau- ganese, and iron. B. H. B. Fergusonite from Ceylon.By G. T. PRIOR (A&. J h g . , 10, 234--838).-Accompanying the baddeleyite of Rakwana, in Ceylon, fragments of so-called yttrotantalite were found. The sp. gr. was 4-54 to 5.49, the hardness 5 to 6, and the colour dark brown. The mineral is very brittle, isotropic, and translucent, with jellowish- brown colour, in thin fragments. Analysis yielded the following results. Nb205. Ta305. UO,. P203. 2~~0,. CaO. Fe,O,. H,O. Total. 4465 4.98 5.11 24.67 13.24 2.02 0.51 4.58 99.78 The mineral is thus fergusonite, and resembles in all its characters the fergusonite of Ytterby. B. H. B. Crystallochemical Theory of the Silicates. By F. J. WTIK (Zeit. Kryst. Min., 1894, 33, 3i9-450).-The author propounds an elaborate theory of the relation between the cliemical and crystallo- graphical characters of the silicates. On the basis of this theory, he gives the following crystallochemical classification of the sili- cates.Class I. GeoZites.-1. Plagioclase (anorthite, andesice, albite) ; microclinc, orthoclase ; spodumene, petalite, l\-olla.stonite ; clnnburite,JIIYERALOGICAL CHEMISTRT. 23 leucophane, meliuophane. 2. Scapolite (qchlenite, snrcolite) ; ne- phelinc (cancrinite, davyn), milarite. 3. hencite ; sodalite (nosean, 11 au y n ) . Class 11. Hydropolites (Zeolites).-1. Datolite, prehnite ; des- mine (harrnotomc, phillipsite), heulztnclite (brewsterite, epistilbite) ; scolezite, natrolitc (mesolite), thomsonite ; laumontite (leonhardite) ; okenite (peciolite). 2. Apophyllite ; cbabasite (gmelinite, levyn, herschelite).3. Analcime, fanjnsite, pollux. PhyZ?ites.-1. Muscovite (paragonitc, margarite, lepi- dolite), biotite (meroxene, phlogopite, zinnmalclite), clintonite ; clino- chlore (pennine) ; talc, serpentine ; pyrophyllite, kaolin. 2. Biotite (in part) ; prochlorite. Class IV. A?)t~hotci.o7itcs.-l. Axinite ; epiclote (piemontite), orthite (mosnndrite), karpholite (arclcnnite), zoisite (thulite) ; gado- liuite (homilite), euclasc ; cordierite (pinite). 2. Tourmaline, cappele- nite (melaaocerite, karyocerite, tritomite), endialyte ; idocrase (melilite). 3. Garnet, Eelvine. XtyZolites.-l. Sapphirine, cyanite, dumortierite, andalu- site (sillimanite, senolite), staurolite ; topaz, bertrandite. 2. Beryl ; thorite (orangitc), zircon. 3. Zunjite. Class VI. Nt.taZloZitcs.-l.Rhodonfte, babinvtonite, pyroxene (malacolite, diallage, diopside, augite), acmite (aegirine), moehle;*ite ; amphibole (tremolite, gramniatite, ~mphihole-antliophyllite, horn- blende), arfvedsonite ; titanite, gunrjnite, liCvritc ; olivine (forsterite, hyalosicleritc, fayalite, tephroite), monticellite, chondrodite (humite, lrliii~humite) ; calamine, cerite. 2. Willemite (tiwostite), phenacite, dioptasc ; pyrosmalite. 3. Eulytiiie. B. H. B. Orthoclase from Canada. By B. C. HIXJIAX (8cl~ooZ of J&CS Quarterly, 1892,14,52) ,---A fine, cleavable felspar from 30 miles from Bnckingharn, Ottlama Co., Province of Quebec, yielded 65.87 19-32 11.78 0.64 2-39 Class IIr. Class V. SO2. A 1 2 0 3 . K,O. CaO. Nitlo. B. H. B. Neptunite, Epididymite, Katapleite and Bgirine from Greenland. By G. FLISK (Zeit. IGyst. Miu., 1894, 33, 344-367). -The author describes an interesting series of minerals from Green- land, the locality where they were obtained being thought to be in the vicinity of JdianehQb, in syenitic pegmatite veins. Thc minerals described are (1) neptunite, (2) epididymite, (3) katapleite, a, mineral hitherto known only from Langesund, in Norway, and (4) zegirine, the mineral of most frequent occurrence at, t h i s new locality. The new mineral, neptzmife, occurs in monosymmetrical crystals, and has the following composition. SiO,. l’iO?. FeO. MnO. CaO. K,O. Na20. 51.93 17.45 10 23 5.32 0.71 5.71 9.36 The composition of the new mineral, e p i d l d p i t e , is identical with t h a t of the mineral eudidymit e, discovered by Brogger, in Normay,24 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS. and may be represented by the formula Si308BeNaH. The crystals of eudidymite are, however, monosymmetrical, whilst those of epidi- dyinite are rhombic. B. H. B.