The language functioning of a group of children who had sustained a severe closed head injury CHI was evaluated. The subjects were administered a battery of language assessments including measures of syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Performance of the experimental group was compared with that of a control group matched for age and sex. Results indicated that all areas of language competence assessed syntax, semantics, pragmatics appeared to be compromised by the childhood CHI. The findings of this study are considered in light of the implications for the existence of different language components syntax, semantics, pragmatics as opposed to a unified concept of language. Also considered is the evidence of a specific linguistic impairment in the childhood CHI population as opposed to a more generalized cognitive decline expressed as an overall decrease in performance across all domains of language skill.