Guloptiloides(Ephemeroptera, Baetidae), gen.n., is described to accomodate the speciesG. gargantua(larvae) andG. spA(female imagoes) based on specimens from the Eastern coast of Madagascar. Larvae ofGuloptiloidesare remarkable by the adaptation of the mouthparts to a predatory diet. It is also distinct from other genera in that adults have hindwings with 3 well-marked longitudinal veins and a single extremely developed spur on the costal margin. Affinities and ecology are discussed.