Osmometry with membranes permeable to solute
作者:
A. J. Staverman,
D. T. F. Pals,
Ch. A. Kruissink,
期刊:
Journal of Polymer Science
(WILEY Available online 1957)
卷期:
Volume 23,
issue 103
页码: 57-68
ISSN:0022-3832
年代: 1957
DOI:10.1002/pol.1957.1202310306
出版商: Interscience Publishers, Inc.
数据来源: WILEY
摘要:
AbstractSimultaneous measurements of osmotic pressure and permeation of solute have been made for a nonfractionated polystyrene with a number of membranes of widely different permeability. It is shown that, even after many days, no real equilibrium is reached in an osmometer with a membrane permeable to part of the polymer. The theory of equilibria in such osmometers is developed and shows that, in first approximation, the distribution of permeating solute over the two osmometer cells is not affected by the presence of nonpermeating solute. In second approximation, this distribution is affected indeed, but in this approximation the osmotic pressure is not affected by this unequal distribution. Some short‐time experiments also show that when the number of permeated molecules is negligible (t→ 0) the contribution of a molecular species to the osmotic pressure is less than the value given by equilibrium thermodynamics if the membrane is not completely impermeable to that molecular species. This phenomenon is in accordance with the theory of permeability of membranes based upon nonequilibrium thermodynam
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