Four pigeons were trained on a matching‐to‐sample task in which reinforcers followed either the first matching response (fixed interval) or the fifth matching response (tandem fixed‐interval fixed‐ratio) that occurred 80 seconds or longer after the last reinforcement. Relative frequency distributions of the matching‐to‐sample responses that concluded intermatching times and runs of mismatches (intermatching error runs) were computed for the final matching responses directly followed by grain access and also for the three matching responses immediately preceding the final match. Comparison of these two distributions showed that the fixed‐interval schedule arranged for the preferential reinforcement of matches concluding relatively extended intermatching times and runs of mismatches. Differences in matching accuracy and rate during the fixed interval, compared to the tandem fixed‐interval fixed‐ratio, suggested that reinforcers following matches concluding various intermatching times and runs of mismatches influenced the rate and accuracy of the last few matches before grain access, but did not control rate and accuracy throughout the entire fixe