lzcne. 1983 THE ANALYST iiiV of Chemistry M . pyiKAnalytical Chemistry 82( I R K 82)Index of reviewsin Analytical Chemistry82(1RAC82) isthefirst issueof anew annuat periodical which contains information on review articlesdealing with analytical chemistry. IRAC 82 will contain approximately580 references to review articles which have been published in English,German and French during the period January to December 82 andwhich have been drawn from the chemical literature bya combination ofmanual and computerised search techniques. Future issues will containreviews published during the current year, or late in the previous year.Each entry includes the following information:-0 An index term0 An item number0 Title of the original document0 Bibliographic details0 A brief abstract if the scope ofthe review is not clear from the title0 An indication of the number ofreviews cited in the original reviewSoftcover 48pp 0 85186 576 3IRAC 82 may be purchased individually, or bysubscription whereby users will automaticallyreceive IRAC 82 and the next two issues.A substantial discount is available tosubscribers.PRICEIRAC 82lsingle issue only)€5.00($9.W) p+pextraIRAC 82 + next two issuesflO.W(S17.001 p + pextraIRAC 82 is a unique publication whichprovides the analytical chemist with rapidaccess to the review literature.Orders should be sent to:The Royal Society of Chemistry,The University,Nottingham NG7 2RD.The index is divided into two sections:Section 1 Section 2Covers individual compounds,classes of compounds, materialsand substance-related topics(e.g. clinical chemistry; forensicanalysis; inorganic analysis).Covers apparatus, techniquesand other items not easilyassignable to Section 1.All aspects of analytical chemistry are covered including inorganic,organic, biochemical, pharmaceutical, food, agricultural andenvironmental analysis; apparatus and techniques such aschromatography, spectroscopy, radiochemistry, electrochemistry,thermal analysis and particle size analysis.A list of books andconferences is also providediv SUMMARIES OF PAPERS IN THIS ISSUESummaries of Papers in this IssueAuger Techniques in Analytical Chemistry. A ReviewSummary of ContentsIntroductionHistoricalAuger effectChemical informationSurface specificity and vacuum requirementElectron energy analysisElectron sourcesData acquisition and handlingFirst principlesElemental standardsAuger peaksSatellite peaksIonisation loss peaksSecondary electron peakAnalysis in depthAngular dependence of Auger intensityErosion by ion bombardmentErosion by mechanical lappingChemical bonding informationApplicationsCorrosion and oxidationCatalysisReactions in the solid stateAnalyses using high spatial resolutionAdhesionAnalysis in depthConclusionsAdvantages and disadvantages of AESFuture developmentsComparison with other surface analytical techniquesTechnique and instrumentationQuantificationSpectral identificationReferencesKeywords : Review ; Auger electron spectroscopy ; surface analysisJ.C. RIVIRREMaterials Development Division, AERE Harwell, Oxfordshire, OX 1 1 ORA.June, 1983Analyst, 1983, 108, 649-684June, 1983 SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUEScanning Potential Stopped-rotation VoltammetryThe technique of scanning potential stopped-rotation voltammetry, whichis based on measuring the differences between currents with the electroderotation switched on and off while the applied potential is scanned linearly,is described. Asymmetric rotation pulses, without the achievement of therotation “off ” steady-state current, are employed. The resulting modulatedresponse is free of most background current components, directly proportionalto the analyte concentration and reproducible.Well defined current -potential graphs are obtained for ascorbic acid, dopamine, homovanillicacid and hexacyanoferrate(I1) ion at the micromolar concentration level.Extremely low background signals are achieved a t a glassy-carbon diskelectrode, allowing a detection limit of 7 x 10-8 M of dopamine. The tech-nique is simple and suitable for automation.Keywords : Scanning potential stofified-rotation voltammetry ; hydrodynamicmodulation ; solid electrode ; anodic oxidationJOSEPH WANG and BASSAM A. FREIHADepartment of Chemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003,USA.Analyst, 1983, 108, 686490.Differential-pulse Polarographic Monitoring of Permitted SyntheticFood Colouring Matters and Ascorbic Acid in Accelerated LightDegradation Studies and the Spectrophotometric Determination ofthe Ammonia and Simpler Amines FormedPermitted food colouring matters and ascorbic acid were determined bydifferential-pulse polarography to monitor their interaction during lightdegradation studies at pH 5.5 in acetate buffer containing EDTA.Reduc-tive splitting of azo bonds in the food colours was apparent from the formationof amines such as aniline, sulphanilic acid and naphthionic acid, which weredetermined spectrophotometrically using diazotisation methods. Theseamines were shown to be degraded further in the light to yield ammonia,which was determined spectrophotometrically as indophenol.Keywords : Food colouring matters ; degradation ; ammonia ; amines ; digeren-tial-pulse polarographyARNOLD G.FOGG and ABDULHADI M. SUMMANChemistry Department, Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough,Leicestershire, LE11 3TU.Analyst, 1983, 108, 691-700.vi SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUE June, 1983Potentiometric Determination of Sulphite by Use of Mercury(1)Chloride - Mercury(I1) Sulphide Electrodes in Flow InjectionAnalysis and in Air-gap ElectrodesFlow injection analysis, using as the detector a solid-state ion-selective electrodewith a mercury(I1) sulphide - mercury(1) chloride membrane, can be used fordetermining sulphite or dissolved sulphur dioxide in water. At concentra-tions in the range 1.5-10mg1-1 of sulphite, the method has a Nernstianresponse of 60 mV per decade, but at lower concentrations (down to 0.1 mg 1-l)the e.m.f.is linearly related to the sulphite concentration. Although the flowinjection method is less sensitive than direct use of the electrode, it avoidsthe problem of chloride interference and permits the determination ofsulphur dioxide in the commonly used tetrachloromercurate absorbent. Theonly serious interference found was from sulphide, although a small effectwas also obtained from thiosulphate. Measurements in the range 0.1-10 mg 1-1 of sulphite had relative standard deviations for single results of nomore than 2%. The method requires only two reagents (dilute nitric acidsolutions) and is simple to operate. Each analysis is complete in less than5 min.Air-gap electrodes, using the same sensor, had sub-Nernstian responses ofvery poor reproducibility and were not considered to be a practical means ofdetermining sulphite.Keywords : Flow injection analysis ; air-gap electrode ; ion-selective electrode ;sulphite and sulphur dioxide determination ; mercury(II)sulphide -mercury(I)chloride membrane electrodesGEOFFREY B.MARSHALL and DEREK MIDGLEYCentral Electricity Research Laboratories, Kelvin Avenue, Leatherhead, Surrey,KT22 7SE.Analyst, 1983, 108, 701-711.Synthetic Inorganic Ion-exchange Materials. Part XXXII.Studies on an Araldite-based Membrane of Crystalline Antimonic(V)Acid as a Nitrate Ion-selective ElectrodeAn Araldite-based membrane of crystalline antimonic(V) acid, when acting as anitrate ion-selective electrode, shows a near-Nernstian response for concentra-tions of nitrate ions between and 10-1 M and can be used for determiningthe activity of the ions.Stable potentials are observed within 10-30 s andfor about 2 min. The useful pH range is 3.5-11 at a higher concentration(5 x M) and 4.5-9 at a lower concentration (5 x lo-* M) of nitrate ions.This membrane responds to nitrate ions in a solution containing 25% of non-aqueous solvent.Keywords : Crystalline antimonic( V ) acid; nitrate ion-selective electrode ;A raldite-based membrane ; potentiometrySUSHMA AGRAWAL and MITSUO ABEDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1,Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152, Japan.Analyst, 1983, 108, 7 12-7 16J N n e , 1983 SUMMARIES OF PAPERS I N THIS ISSUEUse of an Argon - Nitrogen Inductively Coupled Plasma for theAnalysis of Aluminium Alloys Subsequent to Alkali DissolutionThe determination of a series of elements (boron, copper, gallium, iron,magnesium, silicon, vanadium and zinc) in aluminium samples by inductivelycoupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy is reported.High-purityaluminium, as well as various types of aluminium alloys (Al- Cu, Al-Mg,A1 - Mg - Si, A1 - Si, etc.) were brought into solution to give an analyte con-centration of 0.125% m/V with an alkali dissolution procedure. Thedetection limits for the mentioned elements range from 5 to 150 pg g-l.Both trace elements and major constituents can be determined in the typesof aluminium alloys mentioned, by using the same calibration graphs.viiKeywords : Alkali dissolution ; aluminium analysis ; argon - nitrogen induc-tively coupled plasma ; optical emission spectroscopyJose A.C. BROEKAERT and FRANZ LEISInstitut fur Spektrochemie und angewandte Spektroskopie, Postfach 778, D-4600Dortmund 1, Federal Republic of Germany.and GONGOR DINGLERGrundenstrasse 65, CH-8247 Flurlingen, Switzerland.Analyst, 1983, 108, 717-721.Analytical Errors Associated with Trace ElementDetermination in Freshwater Particulate Matter byNine analytical errors associated with two procedures for determining thetrace element content of freshwater particulate matter by atomic-absorptionspectroscopy were investigated using both natural samples and suspensionsof candidate reference materials. The first method involves an ultrasoundtreatment of filters to remove collected particles, but in a second method thefilters are destroyed by ashing. The precision and accuracy of the twoprocedures have been determined.Atomic-absorption SpectroscopyKeywords ; Trace element determination ; particdate matter; precision andaccuracy ; reference materials ; atomic-absorption spectroscopyRENATO BAUDO, GAETANO GALANTI and PIER GIORGIO VARINIConsiglio Nazionale della Ricerche, Istituto Italian0 di Idrobiologia, Largo VittorioTonolli 50-52, 28048 Verbania Pallanza, Italy.Analyst, 1983, 108, 722-727Viii SUMMARIES OF PAPERS IN THIS ISSUEEffects of Temperature Variation on the Zero, Second and FourthDerivative Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Benzenoid DrugsJ w e , 1983The effect of temperature in the range 0-40 "C on the absorbance a t threewavelengths of maximum absorption and two wavelengths of minimumabsorption in the zero-order ultraviolet absorption spectra and on the second-and fourth-derivative amplitudes of eight benzenoid drugs, displaying finevibrational structure in the region 250-270nm, was studied.All of thedrugs show a linear increase in absorbance a t the Amin. between the bandsof the fine structure with an increase in temperature, with temperature co-efficients ranging from + 0.06 to + 0.325% per degree. A concomitant linearreduction occurs in the second- and fourth-derivative amplitudes withtemperature coefficients in the range from -0.60 to -1.12% and -0.7 to- 1.2 yo, respectively.The implications of these high temperature coefficientson the accuracy and precision of derivative spectrophotometric assay pro-cedures for benzenoid drugs are discussed.Keywords ; Benzenoid drugs ; ultraviolet absorbawe ; derivative spectrofihoto-metry ; tem#erature effctsALEXANDER G. DAVIDSONDepartment af Pharmacy, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204George Street, Glasgow, GI 1XW.Analyst, 1983, 108, 728-732.Fluorimetric Determination of Trace Amounts of Gold as anIon- Association Complex With 2- Phenyl benzo[8,9] Quinolizino-[4,5,6,7-fed]phenanthridinylium PerchlorateThe synthesis, characterisation and applications of 2-phenylbenzo[8,9]-quinolizino[4,5,6,7-fed]phenanthridinylium perchlorate (PQPP) as a reagentfor the formation of ion-association complexes is described. This reagentreacts with AuC1,- to produce a 1 : 1 complex in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid,which is slightly soluble in water and can be extracted into isoamyl acetatewith an extraction efficiency of 90.7% The PQPP shows an intensefluorescence and is used for the fluorimetric determination of trace amountsof gold in the range 0.2-1.75 pg per 5 ml of organic layer. The interferencesof many metallic ions have been examined and under appropriate workingconditions the method is applicable to the determination of gold in lead.Keywords : 2-PhenyLbenzo[8,9]quinolizino[4,5,6,7-fed~hemamthridinylium pev-chlorate ; spectyofluorirnetry ; gold ddermination ; leadTOMAS PaREZ-RUIZ, CONCEPCION SANCHEZ-PEDRERO andJOAQUIN A. ORTUNODepartment of Analytical Chemistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain,and PEDRO MOLINA-BUENDfADepartment of Organic Chemistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.Analyst, 1983, 108, 733-737