We examined microhabitat use patterns of different sizes and sexes of rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) in Long Lake, Wisconsin. Crayfish were sampled using modified Louisiana “pillow” traps, identified to species, and sexed. All captured specimens were classified into one of four size classes: <35; 35–50; 50–85; >85 mm total length. We found that different members of the crayfish populations were associated with different microhabitat types and the three most important environmental variables influencing crayfish distribution were intermediate cobble sized gravel, aquatic plants, and water depth. All size classes and both sexes of rusty crayfish were most abundant within fine grain soft bottom substrate (detritus or sand).