Kanamycin, a broad-spectrum antituberculosis antibiotic, was coupled to three different collagen substrates using l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiirnide, glutaraldehyde, and periodiate-oxidized kanamycin possessing aldehyde functional groups. Kanamycin-treated collagen fibers have exhibited marked differences in their chemical contraction and relaxation, swelling, and shrinkage-temperature behavior compared to untreated collagen fibers. In an in vitro study, a release of 26% of the bound kanamycin from collagen-kanamycin complex was noticed.